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1030

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Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1030 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1030
MXXX
Ab urbe condita1783
Armenian calendar479
ԹՎ ՆՀԹ
Assyrian calendar5780
Balinese saka calendar951–952
Bengali calendar437
Berber calendar1980
English Regnal yearN/A
Buddhist calendar1574
Burmese calendar392
Byzantine calendar6538–6539
Chinese calendar己巳年 (Earth Snake)
3727 or 3520
    — to —
庚午年 (Metal Horse)
3728 or 3521
Coptic calendar746–747
Discordian calendar2196
Ethiopian calendar1022–1023
Hebrew calendar4790–4791
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1086–1087
 - Shaka Samvat951–952
 - Kali Yuga4130–4131
Holocene calendar11030
Igbo calendar30–31
Iranian calendar408–409
Islamic calendar420–421
Japanese calendarChōgen 3
(長元3年)
Javanese calendar932–933
Julian calendar1030
MXXX
Korean calendar3363
Minguo calendar882 before ROC
民前882年
Nanakshahi calendar−438
Seleucid era1341/1342 AG
Thai solar calendar1572–1573
Tibetan calendar阴土蛇年
(female Earth-Snake)
1156 or 775 or 3
    — to —
阳金马年
(male Iron-Horse)
1157 or 776 or 4
King Olaf II (left) is killed at Stiklestad.

Year 1030 (MXXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

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By place

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Byzantine Empire

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  • Emperor Romanos III Argyros decides to retaliate upon the incursions of the Muslims on the eastern frontier. He leads a Byzantine expeditionary force (20,000 men) to secure Antioch. The Mirdasid emir Shibl al-Dawla Nasr of Aleppo sues for peace, but Romanos refuses to negotiate and leads his army against Aleppo, against the advice of his generals. The Byzantine army encamps near Azaz, where they are encircled by the Mirdasids' Bedouin troops, who cut off the Byzantines from food and water.
  • 10 August – Romanos orders a retreat to Antioch. As the army is exhausted from the heat and the lack of supplies, the retreat soon turns into a flight in panic. Romanos returns to Constantinople in humiliation but his generals on the eastern frontier manage to salvage the situation: a Fatimid attack on Maraclea is repulsed, and Azaz itself is captured in December after a brief siege. In April/May 1031, Emir Nasr of Aleppo agreed to vassal and tributary status with Byzantium.[1]

Europe

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  • June – Emperor Conrad II (the Elder) leads an invasion into Hungary. He plunders the lands west of the River Rába, but suffers from consequences of the scorched earth tactics used by the Hungarians. Conrad, threatened by starvation, is forced to retreat back to Germany. King Stephen I pursues his forces, which are defeated and captured by the Hungarians at Vienna.
  • July 29Battle of Stiklestad: King Olaf II Haraldsson (St. Olaf) attempts to reconquer Norway with help from King Anund Jakob of Sweden. He is defeated by a superior Norwegian peasant and Danish army (14,000 men). Olaf is killed in the battle, he is later canonized and becomes the patron saint of Norway and Rex perpetuum Norvegiae ('the eternal king of Norway').
  • The first mention is made of Tartu, Estonia, as Grand Prince Yaroslav I (the Wise) of Novgorod and Kiev defeats the Estonians, and founds a fort named Yuryev (modern-day Tartu).[2] The Rus' will hold the fortress for the next 30 or 31 years.
  • The first mention is made of Thalwil, Switzerland, which is derived from Tellewilare, and indicates the early medieval origins of Thalwil as an Alemannic farmstead.
  • Henry I revolts against his father King Robert II (the Pious) in a civil war over power and property. Robert's army is defeated, and he retreats to Beaugency.

Asia

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Births

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Deaths

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References

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  1. ^ Halm, Heinz (2003). Die Kalifen von Kairo: Die Fatimiden in Ägypten, 973–1074 [The Caliphs of Cairo: The Fatimids in Egypt, 973–1074] (in German). Munich: C. H. Beck. pp. 341–343. ISBN 3-406-48654-1.
  2. ^ Tvauri, Andres (2012). The Migration Period, Pre-Viking Age, and Viking Age in Estonia. pp. 33, 59, 60. Retrieved December 27, 2016.