List of IOC meetings
Appearance
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![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Handover_2012_%281%29.jpg/220px-Handover_2012_%281%29.jpg)
This is the list of International Olympic Committee (IOC) meetings.
Olympic Congresses
[edit]# | Host city | Country | Year |
---|---|---|---|
1st | Paris | ![]() |
1894 |
2nd | Le Havre | ![]() |
1897 |
3rd | Brussels | ![]() |
1905 |
4th | Paris | ![]() |
1906 |
5th | Lausanne | ![]() |
1913 |
6th | Paris | ![]() |
1914 |
7th | Lausanne | ![]() |
1921 |
8th | Prague | ![]() |
1925 |
9th | Berlin | ![]() |
1930 |
10th | Varna | ![]() |
1973 |
11th | Baden-Baden | ![]() |
1981 |
12th | Paris | ![]() |
1994 |
13th | Copenhagen | ![]() |
2009 |
IOC Sessions
[edit]There has been a session during all Olympic Games except the 1900, 1904 and 1908 Summer Olympics and the 1924, 1928 and 1932 Winter Olympics.
Session voting for president
Session voting for Olympic host
Session voting for president and Olympic host
Session | Year | Host city | Olympic occasion | Activities | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st | 1894 | ![]() |
I Olympic Congress | Athens of Greece was selected as the host for the Games of the I Olympiad. Paris of France was selected as the host for the Games of the II Olympiad. |
[1] |
2nd | 1896 | ![]() |
Games of the I Olympiad | The French Pierre de Coubertin was elected as the second President of the International Olympic Committee. | |
3rd | 1897 | ![]() |
II Olympic Congress | ||
4th | 1901 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | Chicago of United States was selected as the host for the Games of the III Olympiad. These games would later be moved to St. Louis. | [1] |
5th | 1903 | ![]() |
[2] | ||
6th | 1904 | ![]() |
Rome of Italy was selected as the host for the Games of the IV Olympiad. | [1][2] | |
7th | 1905 | ![]() |
III Olympic Congress | ||
8th | 1906 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | ||
9th | 1907 | ![]() |
De Coubertin was re-elected as the President of the International Olympic Committee for the third term. | ||
10th | 1909 | ![]() |
Stockholm of Sweden was selected as the host for the Games of the V Olympiad. | [1][2] | |
11th | 1910 | ![]() |
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12th | 1911 | ![]() |
|||
13th | 1912 | ![]() |
|||
14th | 1912 | ![]() |
Games of the V Olympiad | Berlin of Germany was selected as the host for the Games of the VI Olympiad, later were cancelled due to World War I. | [1] |
15th | 1913 | ![]() |
V Olympic Congress | ||
16th | 1914 | ![]() |
VI Olympic Congress | ||
All international Olympic business was suspended from 1915 to 1918 due to World War I. | |||||
17th | 1919 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | Antwerp of Belgium was selected as the host for the Games of the VII Olympiad. | [1] |
18th | 1920 | ![]() |
Games of the VII Olympiad | ||
19th | 1921 | ![]() |
VII Olympic Congress | Chamonix of France was selected as the host for the I Olympic Winter Games. Paris of France was selected as the host for the Games of the VIII Olympiad. Amsterdam of the Netherlands was selected as the host for the Games of the IX Olympiad. |
[1] |
20th | 1922 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | ||
21st | 1923 | ![]() |
Los Angeles of the United States was selected as the host for the Games of the X Olympiad. | [1] | |
22nd | 1924 | ![]() |
Games of the VIII Olympiad | ||
23rd | 1925 | ![]() |
VIII Olympic Congress | The Belgian Henri de Baillet-Latour was elected as the third President of the International Olympic Committee. | |
24th | 1926 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | St. Moritz of Switzerland was selected as the host for the II Olympic Winter Games. | [1] |
25th | 1927 | ![]() |
|||
26th | 1928 | ![]() |
Games of the IX Olympiad | ||
27th | 1929 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | Lake Placid of the United States was selected as the host for the III Olympic Winter Games. | [1] |
28th | 1930 | ![]() |
IX Olympic Congress | ||
29th | 1931 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | Berlin of Germany was selected as the host for the Games of the XI Olympiad. | [1] |
30th | 1932 | ![]() |
Games of the X Olympiad | ||
31st | 1933 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | Garmisch-Partenkirchen of Germany was selected as the host for the IV Olympic Winter Games. De Baillet-Latour was re-elected as the President of the International Olympic Committee for the second term. |
[1] |
32nd | 1934 | ![]() |
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33rd | 1935 | ![]() |
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34th | 1936 | ![]() |
IV Olympic Winter Games | ||
35th | 1936 | ![]() |
Games of the XI Olympiad | Tokyo of Japan was selected as the host for the Games of the XII Olympiad. | [1] |
36th | 1937 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | Sapporo of Japan was selected as the host for the 1940 Winter Olympics. | [1] |
37th | 1938 | ![]() |
|||
38th | 1939 | ![]() |
Garmisch-Partenkirchen of Germany was selected as the host for the 1940 Winter Olympics. Cortina d'Ampezzo of Italy was selected as the host for the 1944 Winter Olympics. London of Great Britain was selected as the host for the Games of the XIII Olympiad, later were cancelled due to World War II. |
[1] | |
All international Olympic business was suspended from 1940 to 1945 due to World War II. | |||||
39th | 1946 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | St. Moritz of Switzerland was selected as the host for the V Olympic Winter Games. London of Great Britain was selected as the host for the Games of the XIV Olympiad. The Swedish Sigfrid Edström was elected as the fourth President of the International Olympic Committee. |
[1] |
40th | 1947 | ![]() |
Oslo of Norway was selected as the host for the VI Olympic Winter Games. Helsinki of Finland was selected as the host for the Games of the XV Olympiad. |
[1] | |
41st | 1948 | ![]() |
V Olympic Winter Games | ||
42nd | 1948 | ![]() |
Games of the XIV Olympiad | ||
43rd | 1949 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | Cortina d'Ampezzo of Italy was selected as the host for the VII Olympic Winter Games. Melbourne of Australia was selected as the host for the Games of the XVI Olympiad. |
[1] |
44th | 1950 | ![]() |
|||
45th | 1951 | ![]() |
[2] | ||
46th | 1952 | ![]() |
VI Olympic Winter Games | ||
47th | 1952 | ![]() |
Games of the XV Olympiad | The American Avery Brundage was elected as the fifth President of the International Olympic Committee. | [3] |
48th | 1953 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | ||
49th | 1954 | ![]() |
|||
50th | 1955 | ![]() |
Squaw Valley of the United States was selected as the host for the VIII Olympic Winter Games. Rome of Italy was selected as the host for the Games of the XVII Olympiad. |
[1] | |
51st | 1956 | ![]() |
VII Olympic Winter Games | ||
52nd | 1956 | ![]() |
Games of the XVI Olympiad | ||
53rd | 1957 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | ||
54th | 1958 | ![]() |
In this meeting, the Olympic Hymn by Spyridon Samaras was declared the official anthem of the Games and the IOC. | ||
55th | 1959 | ![]() |
Innsbruck of Austria was selected as the host for the IX Olympic Winter Games. Tokyo of Japan was selected as the host for the Games of the XVIII Olympiad. Luge had been added to the Olympic programme in 1964. |
[1][4] | |
56th | 1960 | ![]() |
VIII Olympic Winter Games | ||
57th | 1960 | ![]() |
Games of the XVII Olympiad | Brundage was re-elected as the President of the International Olympic Committee for the second term. | |
58th | 1961 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | ||
59th | 1962 | ![]() |
|||
60th | 1963 | ![]() |
Mexico City of Mexico was selected as the host for the Games of the XIX Olympiad. | [1] | |
61st | 1964 | ![]() |
IX Olympic Winter Games | Grenoble of France was selected as the host for the X Olympic Winter Games. | [1] |
62nd | 1964 | ![]() |
Games of the XVIII Olympiad | Brundage was re-elected as the President of the International Olympic Committee for the third term. | |
63rd | 1965 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | ||
64th | 1966 | ![]() |
Sapporo of Japan was selected as the host for the XI Olympic Winter Games. Munich of West Germany was selected as the host for the Games of the XX Olympiad. |
[1] | |
65th | 1967 | ![]() |
|||
66th | 1968 | ![]() |
X Olympic Winter Games | ||
67th | 1968 | ![]() |
Games of the XIX Olympiad | Brundage was re-elected as the President of the International Olympic Committee for the fourth term. | |
68th | 1969 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | ||
69th | 1970 | ![]() |
Denver of the United States was selected as the host for the XII Olympic Winter Games, later withdrew and replaced by Innsbruck. Montreal of Canada was selected as the host for the Games of the XXI Olympiad. |
[1][5] | |
70th | 1970 | ![]() |
|||
71st | 1971 | ![]() |
[5] | ||
72nd | 1972 | ![]() |
XI Olympic Winter Games | ||
73rd | 1972 | ![]() |
Games of the XX Olympiad | The Irish Michael Morris, 3rd Baron Killanin was elected as the sixth President of the International Olympic Committee. | [6] |
74th | 1973 | ![]() |
X Olympic Congress | ||
75th | 1974 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | Lake Placid of the United States was selected as the host for the XIII Olympic Winter Games. Moscow of the Soviet Union was selected as the host for the Games of the XXII Olympiad. |
[1] |
76th | 1975 | ![]() |
|||
77th | 1976 | ![]() |
XII Olympic Winter Games | ||
78th | 1976 | ![]() |
Games of the XXI Olympiad | ||
79th | 1977 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | ||
80th | 1978 | ![]() |
Sarajevo of Yugoslavia was selected as the host for the XIV Olympic Winter Games. Los Angeles of the United States was selected as the host for the Games of the XXIII Olympiad. |
[1] | |
81st | 1979 | ![]() |
|||
82nd | 1980 | ![]() |
XIII Olympic Winter Games | ||
83rd | 1980 | ![]() |
Games of the XXII Olympiad | The Spanish Juan Antonio Samaranch was elected as the seventh President of the International Olympic Committee. | [7] |
84th | 1981 | ![]() |
XI Olympic Congress | Calgary of Canada was selected as the host for the XV Olympic Winter Games. Seoul of South Korea was selected as the host for the Games of the XXIV Olympiad. Tennis had been readmitted to the Olympic programme in 1988. |
[1][4] |
85th | 1982 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | ||
86th | 1983 | ![]() |
|||
87th | 1984 | ![]() |
XIV Olympic Winter Games | ||
88th | 1984 | ![]() |
Games of the XXIII Olympiad | ||
89th | 1984 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | ||
90th | 1985 | ![]() |
|||
91st | 1986 | ![]() |
Albertville of France was selected as the host for the XVI Olympic Winter Games. Barcelona of Spain was selected as the host for the Games of the XXV Olympiad. Separating Summer and Winter games in alternating even-years beginning from 1994 was approved. |
[1][8] | |
92nd | 1987 | ![]() |
|||
93rd | 1988 | ![]() |
XV Olympic Winter Games | ||
94th | 1988 | ![]() |
Games of the XXIV Olympiad | Lillehammer of Norway was selected as the host for the XVII Olympic Winter Games. | [8] |
95th | 1989 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | Samaranch was re-elected as the President of the International Olympic Committee for the second term. Demonstration sports were removed from the Olympic programme beginning from 1994 |
[4][8] |
96th | 1990 | ![]() |
Atlanta of the United States was selected as the host for the Games of the XXVI Olympiad. | [8] | |
97th | 1991 | ![]() |
Nagano of Japan was selected as the host for the XVIII Olympic Winter Games. Curling and snowboarding had been added to the Olympic programme in 1998. |
[4][8] | |
98th | 1992 | ![]() |
XVI Olympic Winter Games | ||
99th | 1992 | ![]() |
Games of the XXV Olympiad | ||
100th | 1993 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | ||
101st | 1993 | ![]() |
Sydney of Australia was selected as the host for the Games of the XXVII Olympiad. Samaranch was re-elected as the President of the International Olympic Committee for the third term. Beach Volleyball had been added to the Olympic programme in 1996. |
[8][9] | |
102nd | 1994 | ![]() |
XVII Olympic Winter Games | ||
103rd | 1994 | ![]() |
XII Olympic Congress | ||
104th | 1995 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | Salt Lake City of the United States was selected as the host for the XIX Olympic Winter Games. | [8] |
105th | 1996 | ![]() |
Games of the XXVI Olympiad | ||
106th | 1997 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | Athens of Greece was selected as the host for the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad. Samaranch was re-elected as the President of the International Olympic Committee for the fourth term. |
[8] |
107th | 1998 | ![]() |
XVIII Olympic Winter Games | ||
108th | 1999 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | ||
109th | 1999 | ![]() |
Turin of Italy was selected as the host for the XX Olympic Winter Games. | [8] | |
110th | 1999 | ![]() |
|||
111th | 2000 | ![]() |
Games of the XXVII Olympiad | ||
112th | 2001 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | Beijing of (the People's Republic of) China was selected as the host for the Games of the XXIX Olympiad. The Belgian Jacques Rogge was elected as the eight President of the International Olympic Committee. |
[8][10][11] |
113th | 2002 | ![]() |
XIX Olympic Winter Games | ||
114th | 2002 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | ||
115th | 2003 | ![]() |
Vancouver of Canada was selected as the host for the XXI Olympic Winter Games. | [8] | |
116th | 2004 | ![]() |
Games of the XXVIII Olympiad | ||
117th | 2005 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | London of Great Britain was selected as the host for the Games of the XXX Olympiad. Baseball and softball had been removed from the Olympic programme in 2012. |
|
118th | 2006 | ![]() |
XX Olympic Winter Games | ||
119th | 2007 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | Sochi in Russian Federation was selected as the host for the XXII Olympic Winter Games. The Youth Olympic Games was created as the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics in Singapore. |
|
120th | 2008 | ![]() |
Games of the XXIX Olympiad | ||
121st | 2009 | ![]() |
XIII Olympic Congress | Rio de Janeiro in Brazil was selected as the host city for the Games of the XXXI Olympiad. Rogge was re-elected as the President of the International Olympic Committee for the second term. Golf and rugby had been readmitted to the Olympic programme in 2016. |
|
122nd | 2010 | ![]() |
XXI Olympic Winter Games | Nanjing of (People's Republic of) China was selected as the host for the 2nd Summer Youth Olympic Games. | |
123rd | 2011 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | Pyeongchang County in South Korea was selected as the host for the XXIII Olympic Winter Games. | |
124th | 2012 | ![]() |
Games of the XXX Olympiad | ||
Ext | 2013 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | Buenos Aires in Argentina was selected as the host for the 3rd Summer Youth Olympic Games. | |
125th | 2013 | ![]() |
Tokyo in Japan was selected as the host for the Games of the XXXII Olympiad. The German Thomas Bach was elected as the ninth President of the International Olympic Committee. Wrestling had been selected to the Olympic programme for 2020 and 2024. |
||
126th | 2014 | ![]() |
XXII Olympic Winter Games | Olympic Agenda 2020, the strategic roadmap for the future of the Olympic Movement initiated by Thomas Bach, had been discussed. | [12] |
127th | 2014 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | The Extraordinary Session was hosted by IOC member Albert II, Prince of Monaco. The International Olympic Committee discussed Bach's Olympic Agenda 2020. |
[13] |
128th | 2015 | ![]() |
Beijing in China (People's Republic of) was selected as the host for the XXIV Olympic Winter Games. Lausanne in Switzerland was selected as the host for the 3rd Winter Youth Olympic Games. |
||
129th | 2016 | ![]() |
Games of the XXXI Olympiad | Five optional sports, including baseball/softball, karate, sport climbing, surfing, skateboarding, for the 2020 Summer Olympics were approved. | [14] |
130th | 2017 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | Joint-awarding of the Games of the XXXIII Olympiad and the Games of the XXXIV Olympiad was approved. Bidding process for XXV Olympic Winter Games was approved. |
|
131st | 2017 | ![]() |
Paris of France was selected as the host for the Games of the XXXIII Olympiad. Los Angeles of the United States was selected as the host for the Games of the XXXIV Olympiad. |
||
132nd | 2018 | ![]() |
XXIII Olympic Winter Games | The year of the 4th Summer Youth Olympic Games was reverted from 2023 to 2022. The IOC suggested an African city should be host the Summer Youth Olympic Games. |
[15][16] |
133rd | 2018 | ![]() |
3rd Summer Youth Olympic Games | Dakar of Senegal was selected as the host for the 4th Summer Youth Olympic Games, originally scheduled in 2022, later postponed to 2026 due to operational and economical consequences caused by COVID-19 pandemic. | |
134th | 2019 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | The joint bid from Milan and Cortina d'Ampezzo of Italy was selected as the hosts for the XXV Olympic Winter Games. Four optional sports, including sport climbing, surfing, skateboarding, and breaking (breakdance), for the 2024 Summer Olympics were approved. |
[17][18] |
135th | 2020 | ![]() |
3rd Winter Youth Olympic Games | Gangwon Province of South Korea was selected as the host for the 4th Winter Youth Olympic Games. | |
136th | 2020 |
|
Separate occasions | The postponement of the 2020 Summer Olympics to 2021 and the 4th Summer Youth Olympic Games from 2022 to 2026 was approved. Originally scheduled to be held in Tokyo, Japan, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, while some IOC executives were working in Lausanne, other work were held virtually. | |
137th | 2021 |
|
Officially opened in a live event in the Panathenaic Stadium in Athens, Greece, which originally had been awarded the Session. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority of the works were held virtually. Bach is re-elected as the President of the International Olympic Committee for a second term. The International Olympic Committee discussed Bach's Olympic Agenda 2020+5. |
||
138th | 2021 | ![]() |
Games of the XXXII Olympiad | Brisbane of Australia was selected as the host for the Games of the XXXV Olympiad. An optional sport proposed for the 2026 Winter Olympics, ski mountaineering, was approved. |
[19] |
139th | 2022 | ![]() |
XXIV Olympic Winter Games | Review of the resounding success of the IOC Refugee Olympic Team (EOR) at the Games of the XXXII Olympiad, study of the post-Games use of permanent and temporary Olympic venues released, and a Human Rights Strategic Framework established. | [20][21][22][23] |
140th | 2023 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | Extraordinary Session; The IOC's executive board voted to have the International Boxing Association lose its status as the sport's international governing body. | [24] |
141st | 2023 | ![]() |
Five optional sports, including baseball/softball, lacrosse, flag football, cricket and squash, for 2028 Summer Olympics were approved. | [25] | |
142nd | 2024 | ![]() |
Games of the XXXIII Olympiad | The French Alps was selected as the host for the XXVI Olympic Winter Games. Salt Lake City of the United States was selected as the host for the XXVII Olympic Winter Games. The Olympic Esports Games are approved, slated to be held every two years in-between the Summer and Winter Olympics starting in 2025 in Saudi Arabia. | [26][27] |
143rd | 2025 | ![]() |
Separate occasions | Tenth President of the International Olympic Committee to be elected. |
|
144th | 2026 | ![]() |
XXV Olympic Winter Games | ||
145th | 2027 | TBA | Separate occasions | ||
146th | 2028 | ![]() |
Games of the XXXIV Olympiad | ||
147th | 2029 | TBA | Separate occasions | ||
148th | 2030 | ![]() |
XXVI Olympic Winter Games | ||
149th | 2031 | TBA | Separate occasions | ||
150th | 2032 | ![]() |
Games of the XXXV Olympiad | ||
151st | 2033 | TBA | Separate occasions | ||
152nd | 2034 | ![]() |
XXVII Olympic Winter Games |
See also
[edit]Notes and references
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab "IOC VOTE HISTORY". www.aldaver.com. Archived from the original on 2008-05-25. Retrieved 2007-07-17.
- ^ a b c d "Sessions du Comité international olympique" (PDF). Olympic Review. 26. International Olympic Committee: 2. March 1951. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2010-08-08. Retrieved 2010-02-04.
- ^ Comité International Olympique (September 1959). "Extract of the minutes of the 47th session — Helsinki 1952 (Palais de la Noblesse" (PDF). Bulletin du Comité International Olympique (34–35): 22. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2008-05-29. Retrieved 2007-07-19.
- ^ a b c d Olympic review, February 2002, page 19, available online Archived 2014-03-01 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b "IOC Congresses and sessions" (PDF). Olympic Review. 188. International Olympic Committee: 428. 1983. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2010-08-09. Retrieved 2010-02-04.
- ^ Olympic Review, N59, October 1972, p. 355, available online Archived 2010-12-07 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Olympic Review, N154, August 1980, pp. 410-412, available online Archived 2010-08-08 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Olympic News - Official Source of Olympic News". Olympic.org. 4 May 2017. Archived from the original on 7 September 2008. Retrieved 2017-05-04.
- ^ "Chronological Highlights". Fédération Internationale de Volleyball. Archived from the original on 2016-09-06. Retrieved 2013-09-10.
- ^ Olympic Review, August–September 2001, p. 5, available online Archived 2010-12-07 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "BBC SPORT | Special Events | Olympic Votes | Rogge secures Olympic presidency". 16 July 2001. Archived from the original on 2004-07-04. Retrieved 2019-01-06.
- ^ "Media Resources". Olympic.org. 4 May 2017. Archived from the original on 24 October 2016. Retrieved 2017-05-04.
- ^ "GamesBids.com - Bach: Olympic Bid Process Changes Could be Implemented in 2014". Archived from the original on 2013-12-16. Retrieved 2013-12-14.
- ^ "Five new sports voted onto Tokyo 2020 Olympic programme". Insidethegames.biz. 3 August 2016. Archived from the original on 2017-05-02. Retrieved 2017-05-04.
- ^ "132nd International Olympic Committee Session: Day two". Insidethegames.biz. 7 February 2018. Archived from the original on 2018-02-07. Retrieved 2018-02-12.
- ^ "IOC targets African cities to host 2022 Youth Olympics". Independent Online. Archived from the original on 2018-02-12. Retrieved 2018-02-12.
- ^ Livingstone, Robert (20 September 2018). "Lausanne To Host Vote For Winning 2026 Winter Olympic Bid Instead of Milan After Italy Enters Race". GamesBids.com. Archived from the original on 20 September 2018. Retrieved 21 September 2018.
- ^ "Gender equality and youth at the heart of the Paris 2024 Olympic Sports program". International Olympic Committee. 7 December 2020. Archived from the original on 12 May 2021. Retrieved 10 August 2024.
- ^ Sharma, Hritika (21 July 2021). "Ski mountaineering added to 2026 Winter Olympic program". Infobae. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
- ^ "IOC Refugee Olympic Team continues to send message of hope to refugees around the world". olympics.com. 20 May 2022.
- ^ "New report shows 85 per cent of all permanent Olympic venues still in use". olympics.com. 20 May 2022.
- ^ "IOC takes next steps in establishment of Human Rights Strategic Framework". olympics.com. 20 May 2022.
- ^ "Faster, Higher, Stronger – Together: the IOC publishes 2021 Annual Report and Financial Statements". olympics.com. 20 May 2022.
- ^ "IOC Session withdraws recognition of International Boxing Association". olympics.com. 22 June 2023.
- ^ "IOC Session approves LA28's proposal for five additional sports". olympics.com. 16 October 2023.
- ^ "IOC Session backs double award of 2030 and 2034 Winter Games". France 24. October 15, 2023. Retrieved November 9, 2023.
- ^ "IOC enters a new era with the creation of Olympic Esports Games – first Games in 2025 in Saudi Arabia". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved July 23, 2024.